Attenuate definition of attenuate by merriamwebster. Noise can diminish transmission strength and disturb overall communication efficiency. Computer software legal definition of computer software. Spyware can capture information like web browsing habits, email messages, usernames and passwords, and credit card information. The article above about attenuation was added in our music production glossary database on october 7, 2012 and it has received till now 3,530 views. A telecommunication signal disrupts a signal in an adjacent circuit and can cause the signals to become confused and cross over each other. The drought attenuated the river to a narrow channel. In computer graphics attenuation defines the local or global influence of light sources and force fields. Directly from existing light sources such as the sun or a lit candle. Deliberate attenuation can occur for example where a volume control is used to lower the sound level on consumer electronics. Attenuation in computer networking is the loss of communication signal strength that is measured in decibels. Posted by digirad february 11, 2016 attenuation correction is a mechanism that removes soft tissue artifacts from spect images. Attenuation is dependent in whether the sound waves are traveling along or across the muscle fibers attenuates 2x as much when traveling across the fibers as when traveling along the length of the fibers halfvalue thickness.
It provides capabilities for playing audio in a virtual 3d environment. Applications are programs that are designed to perform a specific operation, such as a game or a word processor. Attenuator electronics, an electronic device that reduces the amplitude of an electronic signal. In many cases, attenuation is an exponential function of the path length through the medium. Attenuation what is attenuation definition for attenuation.
Attenuation limits the range of radio signals and is affected by the materials a signal must travel through e. Attenuate definition is to lessen the amount, force, magnitude, or value of. It computes barrier attenuation effects based on the both natural elevation contours and manmade barriers. Attenuation is seen in communication systems when signals are transmitted over long distances. In computer networking, internal software can help reduce the overall noise so that the signal isnt too distorted. In the context of health and safety, attenuation is the gradual loss of harmful rays, heat, light and sound passing through any medium in workplace or within the equipment. Attenuation doctrine law and legal definition uslegal, inc. The attenuation from the terminal to the room is 5 db. Attenuation values for actual cables are measured in units of decibels db a standard measurement value used in communication for expressing the. The package has been upgraded with the release of version 2. In communications, noise can be created by radio waves, power lines, lightning and bad connections. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Attenuation doctrine law and legal definition in criminal proceedings, the attenuation rule provides that despite the illegality in obtaining evidence, such evidence may be admissible if the connection between the evidence and the illegal method is sufficiently remote or attenuated. Software includes all different software programs on a computer, such as applications and the operating system.
Attenuation is a process that weakens the force by consuming the energy while passing through a particular medium. Computer software definition of computer software by the. Software is a general term for the various kinds of program s used to operate computer s and related devices. Attenuation is the opposite of amplification, and is normal when a signal is sent from one point to another. In engineering, attenuation is usually measured in units of decibels per unit length of medium dbcm, dbkm, etc. Cubicles 3 to 5 window, brick wall 2 brick wall next to a metal door 3 glass window non tinted 2 clear glass window 2 office window 3 plasterboard wall 3 marble 5 glass wall with metal frame 6 metal frame glass wall into building 6 the basics of signal attenuation 2. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information processed by computer systems, programs and data. Oct 07, 2012 the article above about attenuation was added in our music production glossary database on october 7, 2012 and it has received till now 3,530 views. Noise refers to any external and unwanted information that interferes with a transmission signal.
You should see a confirmation window with high definition audio device displayed. This is in contrast to physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the work. Synonyms for attenuation at with free online thesaurus, antonyms, and definitions. Computer software is an intangible product itself, but it can be acquired in a variety of ways.
As the rate of attenuation decreases the transmitted data becomes more distorted. Attenuation definition and meaning collins english. The other factor in attenuation is the disruption of oscillating waves through scattering, or reflection. Attenuation definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Also, a computer program with acronym xmudat has been published for the computation of mass attenuation and mass energyabsorption coefficients for 290 elements, compounds and mixtures. In the computer networking context, attenuation is the loss in communication or data signals strength when transmitted over long distances. The term hardware describes the physical aspects of computers and related devices. Tech support scams are an industrywide issue where scammers trick you into paying for unnecessary technical support services. Natural attenuation software free download windows version. Impact attenuator, used on highways as a crumple zone in case of a car crash. Attenuation is the loss of signal strength with long distances when signals travel along cabling. An attenuator is an electronic device that reduces the power of a signal without appreciably distorting its waveform.
Apr 25, 2012 deliberate attenuation can occur for example where a volume control is used to lower the sound level on consumer electronics. If the signal attenuates too much, it becomes unintelligible, which is why most networks require repeaters at regular intervals. Computer software, also called software, is a set of instructions and its documentations that tells a computer what to do or how to perform a task. Start studying ctimage processing and reconstruction. Nobody likes to be spied on, and your computer doesnt like it either. Surface lighting effects diffuse reflection specular reflection ambient. Natural attenuation software nas is a screening tool to estimate remediation timeframes for monitored natural attenuation mna to lower groundwater contaminant concentrations to regulatory limits, and to assist in decisionmaking on the level of source zone treatment in conjunction with mna using sitespecific remediation objectives.
In the list of audio device drivers in the sound, video and game controllers section, youll notice that the high definition audio device now displays instead of realtek high definition audio. Software propagation refers to the changing existing application code and spreading copies of the altered code to other users. This is the basis for the development of live vaccines. Management of both attenuation and amplification is among the key skills and troubleshooting tasks of networking professionals. Ctimage processing and reconstruction flashcards quizlet. Software simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Attenuation is a telecommunications term that refers to a reduction in signal strength commonly occurring while transmitting analog or digital signals over long distances. Attenuator genetics, a specific regulatory sequence transcribed into rna. Nas natural attenuation software is a software package that provides a decisionmaking framework for determining the time needed to clean up groundwater contamination sites. Attenuation problems are greater with pet imaging compared to traditional nuclear medicine spect imaging. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The high attenuation of flexible cable restricts its utility to short distancese. Need clarification on meaning of attenuation question. This program limits the choice of the constituents element, compound or mixture in the absorber material to a maximum of six. As the rate of attenuation increases, the transmission, such as an email a user is trying to send or a phone call, becomes more distorted. The tax treatment of computer software can be a confusing area.
Automatic attenuation is a common feature of televisions and other audio equipment to prevent sound distortion by automatic level sensing that triggers attenuation circuits. Deducting computer software and development costs resources. Computer software is the general term for a variety of. An attenuator is an electronic device that reduces the power of a signal without appreciably distorting its waveform an attenuator is effectively the opposite of an amplifier, though the two work by different methods. People that work with radioactive equipment or serve in a radiation hazardous workplace such as xray rooms, atomic reactors, should wear appropriate personal protective equipment ppe and clothing. In chemical spectroscopy, this is known as the beerlambert law. Calculate the attenuation in unlined and lined ducts. For highcapacity longdistance transmission, a more efficient wire medium is rigid coaxial cable. While an amplifier provides gain, an attenuator provides loss, or gain less than 1. As the name implies, this is software that spies on your computer. Attenuator definition, design, types and applications.
Fermentation was done at ambient basement temperature around 62 f. Attenuation definition of attenuation by the free dictionary. Intangible personal property consisting of mathematical codes, programs, routines, and other functions that controls the functioning and operation of a computer s hardware. The loss of energy or amplitude of waves as they pass through media. Attenuation is the gradual loss in intensity of force passing through a medium.
Software defined everything sde a disturbance, caused by electromagnetic interference, along a circuit or a cable pair. The computer s physical components are called hardware. Attenuation involves a provisional stop signal attenuator, located in the dna segment that corresponds. Computer software is programming code executed on a computer processor. New version of nas natural attenuation software available. Further refinements have been devised since then and these have also been. Openal soft is a software implementation of the openal 3d audio api. Attenuate definition in the cambridge english dictionary. Once the computer has processed the data into pixels.
It was originally published in 1975 and was updated in 1988. The distance that sound travels in a tissue that reduces the intensity of sound to 12 is original value. Attenuation definition, the act of attenuating or the state of being attenuated. Spyware definition the tech terms computer dictionary. Im a radiology resident currently doing my internship. Software defined everything sde in fiber optic transmissions, extrinsic attenuation is one of two main categorized factors that cause attenuation the reduction of signal strength during transmission. Uses xray energy and computer generation of images advantages sensitive to slight density difference cross sectional anatomy attenuation. Attenuation occurs on networks for several reasons.
The code can be machinelevel code, or code written for an operating system. I understand the concept of attenuation in regards to physics but i wanted to see if someone could answer this simple question to. Seismic waves lose energy through absorption, reflection and refraction at interfaces, mode conversion and spherical divergence, or spreading of the wave. The article tries to bring you an idea of what is attenuation, or at least, a definition of the term. Optical attenuator, an electronic device that reduces the amplitude of an optical signal. Attenuation definition of attenuation by medical dictionary. Scattering occurs when a wave is forced to change direction. This produces realistic, accurate noise level predictions for the assessment area. Attenuation due to end reflection is entered below. Attenuation artifacts vary among patients, but the most common corrections are to artifacts associated with breast attenuation in women and diaphragmatic attenuation in men. Surfaces in real world environments receive light in 3 ways. Distance attenuation, doppler shift, and directional sound emitters are among the features handled by the api.
Deducting computer software and development costs posted on thursday, december 06, 2012 share. You can help protect yourself from scammers by verifying that the contact is a microsoft agent or microsoft employee and that the phone number is an official microsoft global customer service number. It was originally defined at the first international gnu general public license version 3 gplv3 conference in 2006 to prevent gnu software from being covered under any nations law. Attenuation is an important consideration in the modern world of wireless telecommunication. Im in the process of reading to prepare for next year and i keep encountering the term attenuation. Decrease in intensity of a signal, beam, or wave as a result of absorption of energy and of scattering out of the path of a detector, but not including the reduction due to geometric spreading, i. Attenuation correction attenuation is the loss of detection of true coincidence events because of their absorption in the body or due to their scattering out of the detector field of view. Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. Parameters and computer software for the evaluation of. Ive tried a couple things to remedy the low attenuation. If left unchecked, the software can transmit this data to another. The code can be machinelevel code, or code written for an. Attenuation definition of attenuation by merriamwebster.
These ppe should have effective radiation attenuation qualities. Image data requires 15 of the computer space as does raw data. Parameters and computer software for the evaluation of mass attenuation and mass energyabsorption coefficients for body tissues and substitutes. Attenuation occurs on computer networks because of. If the signal attenuates too much, it becomes unintelligible. In computer networking, attenuation is a loss of signal strength measured in decibels db. Computer architecture provides an introduction to system design basics for most computer science students. Noisemap models and calculates road traffic noise using a method called calculation of road traffic noise crtn. Automatic attenuation is a common feature of televisions and other audio equipment to prevent sound distortion by automatic level sensing that triggers attenuation. Looking for online definition of attenuation or what attenuation stands for. Attenuation definition is the act or process of attenuating something or the state of being attenuated.
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